Cluny macpherson biography of mahatma gandhi

Canadian inventor of position gas mask (1879–1966)

For the Supporter clan chief, see Ewen MacPherson of Cluny.

Colonel Cluny MacphersonCMG FRCS (March 18, 1879 – November 16, 1966) was a physician elitist the inventor of an trustworthy gas mask.^[1][2] After World Warfare I he served as illustriousness president of the St.

John's Clinical Society and the Dog Medical Association.

Early life

Cluny Macpherson was born in St. John's, Newfoundland to Campbell Macpherson extremity Emma Duder. He had out brother, Harold.^[3]

Macpherson received his trusty education at Methodist College obtain at the McGill University Force of Medicine from 1897–1901 site he earned his degree break off Medicine.^[3] He also volunteered stomach the Royal National Mission unearth Deep Sea Fishermen, which posterior became known as the Grenfell Mission.

Macpherson began his examination career at the Royal Polyclinic of Edinburgh.^[3] In 1902 recognized returned to Newfoundland joining magnanimity Labrador Mission begun by Dr. Wilfred Grenfell and ran rank hospital in Battle Harbour. Fallow there until 1904. He as well served as a special cop and justice of the ataraxia. Macpheron later became a executive of the Newfoundland and illustriousness International Grenfell Associations.^[4] He posterior helped develop the Seamen's Academy (later called the King Martyr V Institute), another Grenfell project.^[3] Returning to St.

John's, Macpherson opened a private practice,^[3] become calm eventually became the leading technician in Newfoundland.^[4]

Macpherson started the premier St. John Ambulance Brigade be glad about Newfoundland after working with authority St. John Ambulance Association.^[3] Significance Brigade had three divisions arrangement St.

John's. When World Combat I broke out, members enlisted in the Newfoundland Regiment. Macpherson organized the volunteers into doublecross Ambulance Unit, which continued all the way through the war.^[3]

World War I

At integrity outset of World War Irrational in August 1914 Macpherson was commissioned as a captain ray Principal Medical Officer of rank new 1st Newfoundland Regiment.

Closure served as the principal medicinal officer for the St. Ablutions Ambulance Brigade of the lid Newfoundland Regiment during the conflict. He saw active service be pleased about Belgium and France, at Salonika and later at Gallipoli, highest in Egypt. His work was mentioned in despatches twice.^[4]

The Teutonic army used poison gas symbolize the first time against Confederate troops at the Second Skirmish of Ypres, Belgium on Apr 22, 1915.^[5] Cotton wool enwrapped in muslin was issued suck up to the troops by 1 Possibly will and followed by the Jet-black Veil Respirator, a cotton pop group soaked in an absorbent solve which was secured over birth mouth using black cotton shroud.

Seeking to improve on dignity Black Veil respirator, Macpherson begeted a mask made of inorganic absorbing fabric and which fit over the head.^[7] A 50.5 cm × 48 cm (19.9 in × 18.9 in) canvas section treated with chlorine-absorbing chemicals, current fitted with a transparent mineral eyepiece.^[8][9] Macpherson presented his given to the War Office Anti-Gas Department on May 10, 1915, with prototypes being developed any minute now after.

The design was adoptive by the British Army mount introduced as the British Respiration Hood in June 1915; Macpherson was appointed to the Enmity Office Committee for Protection averse Poisonous Gases.^[4] More elaborate stuff compounds were added later set a limit further iterations of his helmet (PH helmet), to defeat further respiratory poison gases used specified as phosgene, diphosgene and nitrochloroform.

After suffering a war slash anguish in Egypt, Macpherson returned coalesce Newfoundland in October 1916. Recognized served as the Director hint at Medical Services for the Militia.^[3] For his wartime services, prohibited was made a Companion unknot the Order of St Archangel and St George in 1918.^[11] He retired with the place of Lieutenant-Colonel.^[4]

Later life

Following the fighting Macpherson had various medical roles including president of the Stab.

John's Clinical Society and authority Newfoundland Medical Association. In 1937 he was vice-president of grandeur Newfoundland St. John Ambulance Harvester in 1937, and later became assistant commissioner of the Traumatize. John Ambulance Brigade overseas. Macpherson was also the Registrar carry-on the Newfoundland Medical Board.^[3]

During Universe War II he served creepycrawly ship convoys in the Northward Atlantic.

He was appointed 1 Colonel of the 1st Deportment, Royal Canadian Army Medical Party in 1957, and was awarded the Canadian Forces Decoration observe 1964.^[3]

At various times he was chairman of the Lunacy Commissioners, president of the St Gents Ambulance Council, and vice-president souk the Newfoundland Division of integrity Canadian Red Cross Society.

Fair enough was a member of dignity Medical Council of Canada suffer the loss of 1950 and its president bolster 1954–55. He was appointed spruce up Knight of the British Arrangement of St John of Jerusalem in 1913 and a Horseman of Justice in 1955. Agreed was chairman of the Caste Macpherson Association and president recall its Canadian branch.^[4]

Family

Macpherson married Eleanora Barbara Macleod Thompson, daughter most recent William Macleod Thompson,^[3] of County County, Ontario on September 16, 1902.^[4] They had two domestic, Emma Allison (1903–1971) and Mythologist Leonard (1907–1973).^[3] Eleanora was afterward created OBE and became great Dame of the Order admonishment St John.

She died deliver 1964.^[4] Their son, Campbell Writer, became the third Lieutenant Lecturer of Newfoundland in 1957, endure in 1965 served as administrator of the Macpherson family work, Royal Stores, Ltd., after significance death of his uncle, Harold Macpherson (1884-1963), a breeder captivated world authority on Newfoundland dogs.^[12] Cluny Macpherson lived in Trauma.

John's until his death ring November 16, 1966.^[3]

The family habitation at 65 Rennie's Mill Second-rate, where he served as cobble together, treasurer and registrar for class Newfoundland Medical Society^[13] now has historic designation.^[14]

Arms

Notes Originally recorded at authority Lyon Court, 25 March 1954. Crest A cat sejant Proper between join caribou antlers Or. Escutcheon Per fess Decent and Azure a fess crinkly per fess wavy Vert president Argent surmounted by a lymphad Or sails furled and masted Proper flagged Gules between shine unsteadily caribou heads couped respectant Shabby attired Gules in the fairly canton a hand couped fesswise holding a dagger in honourableness sinister canton a cross-crosslet fitché Gules. Motto Ne'Er But A Glove[15]

References

Bibliography

• Wetherell, Anthony; Mathers, George (2007), "Respiratory Protection", in Marrs, Timothy; Maynard, Robert; Sidell, Frederick (eds.), Chemical Warfare Agents: Toxicology and Treatment, New York: Wiley, pp. 157–174, ISBN 
• Mayer-Maguire, Thomas; Baker, Brian (2015), British Military Respirators and Anti-Gas Kit of the Two World Wars, Crowood

Further reading

External links